Practitioners of magic were thought to be most powerful in the dark and could only perform many of their spells under the night sky. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) : § 3). "When you have ascended the citadel [of Megara], which even at the present day is called Karia (Caria) from Kar (Car), son of Phoroneus, you see a temple of Dionysos Nyktelios (Nyctelius, Nocturnal), a sanctuary built to Aphrodite Epistrophia (She who turns men to love), an oracle called that of Nyx (Night) and a temple of Zeus Konios (Cronius, Dusty) without a roof. . ", Quintus Smyrnaeus, Fall of Troy 10. Both had emerged from Choas and were closely related. "Aeneas sacrificed a black-fleeced lamb to Nox (Night) [Nyx], the mother of the Furiae (Furies) [Erinyes]. And Gaia (Gaea, Earth) first bore starry Ouranos (Uranus, Heaven), equal to herself, to cover her on every side. Nyx Greek Goddess of the Night . Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) : Because of their focus on chthonic deities and the secrets of the dead, the Orphic cults often revered gods and goddesses with darker aspects than the rest of the Greek pantheon. . ", Quintus Smyrnaeus, Fall of Troy 14. The Horai (Horae, Hours) abandon their posts at the gates and flee toward the gloom that rises to meet them. ", Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 23 ff : 1170 ff : ", Nonnus, Dionysiaca 25. Ever shall this house throughout the circling periods of the year hold thee high in honour and in worship; black bulls of chosen beauty shall pay thee sacrifice [black animals were sacrificed to the chthonic gods], O goddess! Nyx (Night) is driving Hemera (Day) from the noonday sky, and the sun's orb as it plunges toward the earth draws in its train the Astera (Stars). "Nyx (night) with her gentle ban on man's activities descended on the company. Greek Lyric IV) (Greek lyric C5th B.C.) She is usually seen riding in a chariot, trailing stars and painting the night sky accompanied with her two sons, Hypnos and Thanatos. "Nox (Night) came on, and laid to rest the cares of men and the prowlings of wild beasts, and wrapped the heavens in her dusky shroud, coming to all with kindly influence. 455 ff : Athenian Red Figure Vase Painting C5th B.C. ", Pausanias, Description of Greece 1. 390.) Nyx goddess of night, Athenian black-figure lekythos C5th B.C., Metropolitan Museum of Art NYX was the goddess of the night, one of the primordial gods (protogenoi) who emerged as the dawn of creation.She was a child of Khaos (Chaos, Air), and coupling with Erebos (Darkness) she produced Aither (Aether, Light) and Hemera (Day). The goddess of the night was rarely depicted in mythology, but when she was, she was seen as such a powerful being that even Zeus himself was afraid to cross her. Alone she spawned a brood of dark spirits including the three Fates, Sleep, Death, Strife and Pain. 5. leapt away, a groan came from the ground, the bushes blanched, the spattered sward was soaked with gouts of blood, stones brayed and bellowed, dogs began to bark, black snakes swarmed on the soil and ghostly shapes of silent spirits floated through the air. 175; Virg. "It [the river Rhone of Northern Europe] rises at the world's end, by the gates and courts of Nyx (Night), and flows on in three streams, one of which debouches on the shores of Okeanos (Oceanus), another into the Ionian Sea. . He would not have a blue color until the Titaness Theia took her place. ", Ovid, Fasti 5. The various forms of death, suffering, old age, and other unhappy parts of life were dark and dangerous but as inescapable as the will of the Fates. Mozley) (Roman epic C1st A.D.) : 6 (trans. "Nox (Night) [Nyx] approaches: a garland of poppies binds her peaceful brow, black Somnia (Dreams) [Oneiroi] trail her. The goddess of night and consort of darkness was, therefore, of great interest to those who followed the Orphic rites. . : Greek Lyric V Anonymous, Fragment 931 (from Oxyrhynchus Papyrus) (trans. "Eos' (Dawn's) celestial beams chased black Nyx (night) from the sky. Mair) (Greek astronomy C3rd B.C.) In ancient art Nyx was depicted as a either a winged goddess or charioteer, sometimes crowned with an aureole of dark mists. ", Ovid, Metamorphoses 7. Nyx was an ancient deity usually envisaged as the very substance of the night--a veil of dark mists drawn across the sky to obscure the light of Aither, the shining blue of the heavens. She did not only have an important place in the lore of witchcraft, however. 7; Virg. "And there was a design woven in the cloth--Ouranos (Uranus, Sky) marshalling the Astra (Stars) in the round sky: Helios (the Sun) in his chariot, driving down to his last blaze, drawing after him Hesperos (the Evening Star); Nyx (Night) in her black cloak driging a single pair; with the Astra (Stars) following behind, the [constellations] Pleiades in mid-course, and Orion the swordsman, while above went Arkturos (Arcturus) waving his golden tail. As for the deities of the sky (daimones meteôroi), Eos (the Dawn) mourning over her son [Memnon] causes Helios (the Sun) to be downcast and begs Nyx (Night) to come prematurely and check the hostile army, that she may be able to steal away her son, no doubt with the consent of Zeus. ", Nonnus, Dionysiaca 7. Her home is in the depths of Hades’ underworld. 192 ff (trans. 1 (trans. . For many people, Nyx was a benevolent goddess. "And now the shining light of the sun (helios) was dipped in the Okeanos (Oceanus) trailing black night (nyx) across the grain-giving land. "There [in Lemnos] she [Hera] encountered Hypnos (Hypnus, Sleep), the brother of Thanatos (Thanatus, Death) . [the witch] Medea . 1068) As the goddess of night, Nyx was often paired with Erebus, the embodiment of darkness. "[The Erinyes speak :] ‘You, divine (theai) Moirai (Fates), our sisters by one mother [Nyx], divinities who distribute justly.‘", Aeschylus, Doubtul Fragment 250 (from Plutarch, On Love 15. Campbell, Vol. Day-Lewis) (Roman epic C1st B.C.) 752 : . Miller) (Roman tragedy C1st A.D.) : She was occasionally shown with wings to fly across the dark sky, but more often was pulled by a chariot. . ", Statius, Thebaid 1. She is Primordial God. For example, one episode of the Iliad showed that at one point Nyx kept Zeus himself from having justice. [1.2] ERIS (Hesiod Works & Days 17) 1057 ff : 527 ff : Vellacott) (Greek tragedy C5th B.C.) Mair) (Greek poet C3rd B.C.) . Vellacott) (Greek tragedy C5th B.C.) Athenian Red Figure Vase Painting C4th B.C. ", Homer, Iliad 8. Campbell, Vol. . to C1st A.D.) : : Aeschylus, Fragment 33 Heliades (from Athenaeus, Deipnosophists 11. [Hypnos addresses Hera :] ‘That time I laid to sleep the brain in Zeus of the aegis and drifted upon him still and soft, but your mind was devising evil, and you raised along the sea the blasts of the racking winds, and on these swept him away to Kos (Cos), the strong-founded, with all his friends lost, but Zeus awakened in anger and beat the gods up and down his house, looking beyond all others for me, and would have sunk me out of sight in the sea from the bright sky had not Nyx (Night) who has power over gods and men rescued me. "Beneath the western reign of Nox (Night), her course already turned, and the setting stars, so soon as mighty Tethys had driven forth tardy Hyperion [Helios the Sun] from the Eastern sea. 602 ff : ", Quintus Smyrnaeus, Fall of Troy 12. Thee too, bright Luna (Moon) [Selene], I banish, though thy throes the clanging bronze assuage; under my spells even my grandsire's [Sol-Helios the Sun's] chariot grows pale and Aurora (Dawn) [Eos] pales before my poison's power.’", Ovid, Metamorphoses 10. : Nyx was a powerful being. While Nyx was not the mother of terrible monsters, she was the origin of many of the day to day woes that plagued the Greek people. Nyx is one of the ancient Protogeno, the basic components of the universe, the first born elemental gods and goddesses. It is said that she was created near the beginning of time. Hear, blessed Kypris (Cypris) [Aphrodite], decked with starry light, in sleep's deep silence dwelling ebon night! Her children became her opposites, balancing the powers of their mother and father. . While Nyx moved across the sky at night, Hemera ruled it by day. 1057 ff : Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4. 210 ff (trans. 276 ff (trans. They were often shown on battlefields where they were fearsome but inescapable spirits. Like most ancient cultures, the Greeks believed that the darkness of night brought a variety of evils out. 421 ff (trans.Boyle) (Roman poetry C1st B.C. O'Neill) (Greek comedy C5th to 4th B.C.) ", Philostratus the Younger, Imagines 5 (trans. Hera had once asked Hypnos to put Zeus to sleep so that she could interfere with her hated stepson, Heracles. 1 : Also deadly Nyx bare Nemesis to afflict mortal men, and after her, Apate (Deceit) and Philotes (Sex) and hateful Geras (Old Age) and hard-hearted Eris (Strife). 163 ff (trans. 403 ff : ", Aeschylus, Agamemnon 355 ff (trans. and Gods of Night (Di Omnes Noctis), be with me now! 748; Eurip. [Nyx] holding in her hands the glorious sceptre of Erikepaios (Ericepaeus) [Phanes]. Sandys) (Greek lyric C5th B.C.) Nyx, parent goddess, source of sweet repose from whom at first both Gods and men arose. If they heed her favouring signs . [2.2] THE ERINYES (Aeschyluls Eumenides 321, Lycophron 432, Virgil Aeneid 6.250, Ovid Metamorphoses 4.453) Aen. Melville) (Roman epic C1st B.C. Okeanos (Oceanus)], fleeing the gloom of holy Nyx (Night) of sable steeds." [2.3] THE MOIRAI (by Khronos) (Tzetzes on Lycophron) : Seneca, Hercules Furens 1063 ff (trans. Their children, Hemera (Day) and Aether (Brightness) would be the first to illuminate both Uranus and the surface of Gaia. [1.5] AITHER, HEMERA, EROS (by Erebos) (Cicero De Natura Deorum 3.17) went forth alone upon her roaming way, in the deep stillness of the midnight hour . Those initiated into the Orphic mysteries learned that Nyx, rather than Chaos, was the primordial form from which all other life and matter was born. There are cult images and small shrines dedicated to Nyx, however. to 2nd A.D.) : "Torch-bearing Hekate (Hecate), . [1.3] EROS, AITHER (Aristophanes Birds 685 & 1190) [2.1] OURANOS (Orphic Argonautica 12, Orphic Frag Deveni Papyrus) ", Aristophanes, Birds 685 ff (trans. He was often associated with the Moirai, the Fates. "On a clear night, when Nyx (Night) in the heavens shows to men all her stars in their brightness and no star is borne faintly gleaming at the mid-month moon. Nyx (Roman: Nox) is the primordial goddess of the night and is one of the most ancient goddesses to dwell within this Universe, as she had originated within the Void beyond the Universe. Also she bare the Moirai (Moirae, Fates) and the ruthless avenging Keres (Deaths) . The Orphic mystery cults, however, believed that she had been the original being in the universe and all other creation had begun with Nyx. ii. : "Firstly, ancient Khaos's (Chaos') stern Ananke (Inevitability), and Khronos (Chronos, Time), who bred within his boundless coils Aither (Aether, Light) and two-sexed, two-faced, glorious Eros [Phanes], ever-born Nyx's (Night's) father, whom latter men call Phanes, for he first was manifested. Mozley) (Roman epic C1st A.D.) : Nyx was the primordial goddess of the night in Greek mythology. See more ideas about goddess, nyx, singularity marvel. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) "At the beginning there was only Khaos (the Chasm) [Air], Nyx (Night), dark Erebos (Darkness), and deep Tartaros (the Pit). While she was sometimes depicted as a woman en-robed in dark mists, she was understood to be the night itself. Rieu) (Greek epic C3rd B.C.) NYX (Nux), Nox or Night personified. Eris – The goddess of strife and discord was named by Homer as a child of Zeus, but other sources said she was a child of Nyx and Erebus. Before the cavern's mouth lush poppies grow and countless herbs, from whose bland essences a drowsy infusion dewy Nox (Night) [Nyx] distils and sprinkles sleep across the darkening world. : The Oneiroi – Also denizens of Erebus, the Oneiroi were the. "[Zeus] resolved to mount Semele's nightly couch, and turned his eye to the west, to see when sweet Hesperos would come . West) (Greek hymns C3rd - C2nd B.C.) Darkness and Night gave rise to their opposites, Brightness and Day, in one of the first dualities of cosmic balance that would become important in Greek philosophy. Nyx was occasionally helpful to the gods, as well. Dreams (Oneiroi) and soft ease attend thy dusky train, pleased with the lengthened gloom and feastful strain, dissolving anxious care, the friend of mirth, with darkling coursers riding round the earth. Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C3rd A.D.) : Philostratus the Younger, Imagines 5 (trans. "The [constellation] Altar even beyond aught else hath ancient Nyx (Night), weeping the woe of men, set to be a mighty sign of storm at sea. "Quiet Nyx (Night) covered all the earth in her dark shades. ", Orphic Hymn 7 to the Astron (trans. 17.) 742 : : Orphica, Theogonies Fragments (from the Deveni Papyrus) : Nonnus, Dionysiaca 31. "Now [at dawn] stars shine few and faint in the sinking sky; vanquished Nox (Night) [Nyx] draws in her wandering fires as the new day is born, and Phosphorus [Eosphoros, the star Venus] brings up the rear of the shining host. 469F) : NYX was the goddess of the night, one of the primordial gods (protogenoi) who emerged as the dawn of creation. . Nyx goddess of night, in Greek mythology, was so powerful, that everyone feared her, including Zeus. 1 ff : Philostratus the Elder, Imagines 1. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) [3.1] HEKATE (Bacchylides Frag 1B). ", Ovid, Fasti 4. Nyx, however, had a chariot of black that was pulled by either a team of black horses or a pair of black bulls. . [1.4] THE NEMESES (Pausanias 7.5.3) Theog. Nyx kindles like signs of storm upon the gleaming Altar. : Greek Lyric V Anonymous, Fragment 1023 (from Berlin Papyrus) : Aeschylus, Agamemnon 355 ff (trans. Mair) (Greek astronomy C3rd B.C.) When she did, she was depicted as a goddess to be feared and respected, even by the king of the gods himself. . In the play Agamemnon, the Greek troops thank Nyx for helping them win the Trojan War. The inscriptions declare, as one could infer without inscriptions, that the figures are Thanatos (Death) and Hypnos (Sleep), with Nyx (Night) the nurse of both. : Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 3. Goddess of phantoms and of shadowy play, whose drowsy power divides the natural day; by fate's decree you constant send the light to deepest hell, remote from mortal sight; for dire necessity (ananke), which nought withstands, invests the world with adamantine bands. "She [the witch Kirke (Circe)] sprinkled round about her evil drugs and poisonous essences, and out of Erebos and Chaos called Nox (Night) and the Gods of Night (Di Nocti) and poured a prayer with long-drawn wailing cries to Hecate. Way) (Greek epic C4th A.D.) : . Like most gods, Nyx tended to have children that reflected more specific aspects of her own broad domain. Taylor) (Greek hymns C3rd B.C. . to C1st A.D.) : It is unsurprising that Nyx was closely linked to Hecate, the goddess of magic and witchcraft. Each has his feet turned different ways. She was also the mother of many other divine children. Mozley) (Roman epic C1st A.D.) : ", Statius, Thebaid 2. From Nox (Night) [Nyx] and Erebus [were born]: Fatum (Fate) [Ker], Senectus (Old Age) [Geras], Mors (Death) [Thanatos], Letum (Dissolution) [Moros], Continentia (Continence), Somnus (Sleep) [Hypnos], Somnia (Dreams) [Oneiroi], Amor [Eros]--that is Lysimeles, Epiphron, Porphyrion, Epaphus, Discordia (Discord), Miseria (Wretchedness), Petulantia (Wantonness), Nemesis, Euphrosyne, Amicitia (Friendship) [Philotes], Misericordia (Compassion), Styx; the three Parcae (Fates) [Moirai], namely Clotho, Lachesis and Atropos; the Hesperides Aegle, Hesperie and Aerica.". Day-Lewis) (Roman epic C1st B.C.) Mozley) (Roman epic C1st A.D.) : Oizys – One of the most malevolent children of Nyx, she was the embodiment of misery and suffering. 1170 ff : Aratus, Phaenomena 405 ff (trans. As the mother of many ills and the consort of darkness, even Zeus knew better than to cross Nyx. He accompanied his sister and consort, Nyx, as she moved across the sky. In the Illiad, Homer says that she "has power over gods and men". . The idea of Nyx as a prophetic goddess and the mother of Eros sometimes crept into more mainstream writings as well as the poems and hymns of the Orphic cults. "Thus as she [Eos the Dawn] cried [after the death of her son Memnon], the tears ran down her face immortal, like a river brimming aye: drenched was the dark earth round the corse. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) : A complete bibliography of the translations quoted on this page. "And there [at the ends of the earth, where sky meets earth], all in their order, are the sources and ends of gloomy earth and misty Tartaros (Tartarus) and the unfruitful sea and starry heaven, loathsome and dank, which even the gods abhor . 115 ff (trans. 17 (trans. 435 ff : Ion, 1150; Theocrit. : ", Statius, Thebaid 3. . In Greek mythology, Nyx is the Goddess of the Night. 549 ff (trans. . : ", Hesiod, Theogony 744 ff (trans. A statue of Night, the work of Rhoecus, existed at Ephesus (Paus. Nyx was a commonly given mother, however. . to 2nd A.D.) : Ovid, Metamorphoses 2. Firstly, black-winged Nyx (Night) laid a germless egg in the bosom of the infinite deeps of Erebos (Darkness), and from this, after the revolution of long ages, sprang the graceful Eros [the primordial Eros] with his glittering golden wings. [Iris disguised as Nyx addresses Hypnos :] ‘O Blackwing! There stands the awful home of murky Nyx (Night) wrapped in dark clouds. Melville) (Roman epic C1st B.C. "When she [Luna-Selene the Moon] shone in fullest radiance . ", Valerius Flaccus, Argonautica 7. West) (Greek hymns C3rd - C2nd B.C.) . Her residence was in the darkness of Hades. While Gaia is the more notable of these, Nyx also made appearances in later legends. Tartarus, for example, remained an important place but was rarely regarded as a character. Nyx is one of the ancient Protogeno, the basic components of the universe, the first born elemental gods and goddesses. Rouse) (Greek epic C5th A.D.) : Homer, Iliad 14. "Dewy Nox (Night) upon the Hesperian shore has reached her goal [departing from the sky as dawn breaks]. And look! : Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4. : Bacchylides, Fragment 7 (trans. ", Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4. Unlike the more traditional view that Eros, the personification of love, was the son of Aphrodite, the Orphic mysteries believed that he had been one of the first children of Nyx. According to Hesiod, the two shared a home at the edges of the world. : Hesiod, Theogony 744 ff (trans. [1.4] EROS (by Erebos) (Hyginus Preface) Greek Lyric IV) (Greek lyric C5th B.C.) ", Colluthus, Rape of Helen 319 ff (trans. : 211, &c.; Cic. ? Dec 10, 2019 - Explore Hannah-Luu's board "Nyx, Goddess of the Night", followed by 1659 people on Pinterest. Often, the mists of the night were represented by a black cloak that arched above her, particularly in sculpture. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) : Ovid, Fasti 5. : Bacchylides, Fragment 25 (trans. [2.1] THE ERINYES, THE MOIRAI (Aeschyluls Eumenides 321 & 415 & 745 & 961) Then to the stars she stretched her arms, and thrice she turned about and thrice bedewed her locks with water, thrice a wailing cry she gave, then kneeling on the stony ground, ‘O Nox (Night) [Nyx], Mother of Mysteries, and all ye golden Astra (Stars) . The Moirai – There was no agreement over the parentage of the Fates. . "All the stars wheeled aloft by Nyx (Night). : Miller) (Roman tragedy C1st A.D.) : Nonnus, Dionysiaca 35. : Campbell) (Greek lyric B.C.) 1068), (Aeschyluls Eumenides 321 & 415 & 745 & 961), (Aeschyluls Eumenides 321, Lycophron 432, Virgil Aeneid 6.250, Ovid Metamorphoses 4.453). ", Bacchylides, Fragment 1b (trans. [1.6] EOS-HEMERA (Quintus Smyrnaeus 2.549) . She is usually seen riding in a chariot, trailing stars and painting the night sky accompanied with her two sons, Hypnos and Thanatos. Some cults even believed she was so important that she had given rise to everything in the universe, including the earth itself. Nyx, Night], sluggish brother of cruel Mors (Death) [Thanatos]. Greek Lyric IV) (Greek lyric C5th B.C.) She was a child of Khaos (Chaos, Air), and coupling with Erebos (Darkness) she produced Aither (Aether, Light) and Hemera (Day). They greeted each other at the door in the morning and at twilight, but never shared the house at the same time. Kronos (Cronus) who did a mighty deed to Ouranos (Uranus, Sky), son of Nyx (Night), who became king first of all; following him again Kronos (Time), and then Zeus the contriver. ", Nonnus, Dionysiaca 2. ", Nonnus, Dionysiaca 35. 97 ff (trans. Believers in the mystery cults also thought that Nyx could be reached by those who sought to learn more about the world. "In the west, is the bowl wrought by Hephaistos (Hephaestus), the bowl of thy sire [Helios, the Sun], speeding wherein he crosseth the mighty, swelling stream that girdeth earth [i.e. : Aristophanes, Birds 685 ff (trans. [1.3] HYPNOS, THANATOS (Homer Iliad 14.231, Seneca Hercules Fur. 396 ff (trans. "Nyx (Night) rose from broad Okeanos (Oceanus), flooding all the earth with darkness bringing men release from toil. The Goddess Nyx. 11 (trans. . Unlike Thanatos, he embodied a violent or sudden end and was often accompanied by pain and fear. ((lacuna)) Gold-flowered Nyx (Night). Ge (Gaea, Earth), Aer (Air) [probably Aither (Aether) the upper air] and Ouranos (Uranus, Heaven) had no existence. 18. "[The Erinyes speak :] ‘O mother Nyx (Night), hear me, mother who gave birth to me as a retribution for the blind and the seeing.’", Aeschylus, Eumenides 415 ff : 87; Val. Taylor) (Greek hymns C3rd B.C. She was not only the goddess, but also the personification of night, emerging at the dawn of creation, daughter to Khaos, the personification and god of air, as well as the sister to Erebos (Darkness) among others. Nyx was one of the primordial deities who emerged at the very beginning of the universe. "O Nox (Night) . And Vulcanus' [Hephaistos'] fire shall eat the lustral entrails, where-o'er the new milk streams.". Hymn. 123, &c.) According to the Orphics (Argon. Represented as the goddess Nyx, it was one of the primordial elements from which everything else, including the gods, was created. Melville) (Roman epic C1st B.C. In the Greek creation story, one of the first elements to come into being was the night. : Despite being and representing the night, Goddess Nyx … "[Phanes] placed his distinguished sceptre [the rulership of the universe] in the hands of goddess Nyx (Night), that she hold royalty . 1 : Pseudo-Hyginus, Preface (trans. Like the nighttime she represented, Nyx could be very dangerous but could also be peaceful and beautiful. From Khaos (Chaos) [Air] came forth Erebos (Erebus, Darkness) and black Nyx (Night); but of Nyx (Night) were born (Aether, Bright Upper Air) and Hemera (Day), whom she conceived and bore from union in love with Erebos. 192 ff (trans. ", Ovid, Fasti 1. ", Aratus, Phaenomena 405 ff (trans. Goddess Nyx Story. She could also be a calm and kind goddess, though. Nyx was the primordial goddess of the night in Greek mythology. All subsequent life and material came from them. The darkness and stillness of night allowed them to sneak into the city, ending a ten-year siege. Orest. "From Chaos and Caligine [were born] : Nox (Night) [Nyx], Dies (Day) [Hemera], Erebus, Aether. ", Seneca, Hercules Furens 125 ff (trans. ", Orphica, Theogonies Fragment 101 - 102 (from Proclus) (trans. 276 ff (trans. . Poseidon was one of the most venerated gods in all of the Greek world, but who... Like many Greek gods, Poseidon was worshiped under many names that give insight into his importance... Aeolus: Three Connected Figures in Greek Mythology.
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