According to the borough, the area receives about 70,000 people each weekend. [71], The Sala Nezahualcóyotl is a concert hall and the main site for the UNAM philharmonic orchestra. [71], The Sala Migual Covarrubias y Carlos Chávez is used primarily for dance recitals but has also hosted operatic events, musical theater, and stage plays. La Magdalena Contreras | This ranks the quality of life as equivalent to that in developed countries. The building today conserves some of the original built in the 1520s when it was originally built as an open chapel, and ornamental work done in the mid 17th century, when the nave with cannon vault was added. The main entrance on Avenida Insurgentes contains a mural by Carlos Mérida. The bullet holes from this attack remain on the outer walls of the house. The Project for Public Spaces ranked the neighborhood as one of the best urban spaces to live in North America in 2005 and is the only Mexican neighborhood on the list. Der im Westen an die Plaza Hidalgo grenzende Jardín del Centenario bildete seinerzeit den geräumigen Vorhof des Klosters. [15][16] When renovation work finished in 2009, police were assigned to the plazas to keep vendors from returning, leading to confrontations, both physically in the plazas and legally in the courts. The reason for this is that La Malinche is often blamed for the downfall of the Aztec Empire, acting as a traitor to her own people. These two rivers join to form the Río Churubusco on the border with Benito Juárez. Today, the center has three art galleries, named after Alfredo Ramos Martinez, Guillermo Kahlo and Miguel Alvarez Acosta to house temporary exhibits, an area to teach the culinary arts and two multiuse rooms. The San Antonio barrio is very small with an equally small chapel by the name of San Antonio Panzacola. Learn about the species that live inDelegación Coyoacán, DF, MX! Östlich des Zentrums von Coyoacán verkehrt die Metro-Linie 2, deren Station General Anaya unterhalb der Calzada de Tlalpan etwa 2 km von der zentralen Plaza Hidalgo entfernt ist. [23][43], La Casa de los Padres Camilos (The House of the Camillo Priests) is on Calle Fernandez Leal in the Barrio de la Concepción. Presenta diversos indicadores sociodemográficos y económicos por área geográfica (nacional, entidad federativa y municipio) además de los tabulados, publicaciones y servicios disponibles. However, Coyoacán generates only 7.2% of all crime reports in Mexico City. [71], The Estadio Olímpico México 68 is the main sports facility built for the Olympic Games of 1968 held in Mexico City. [20], The Casa de Cultura Jesús Reyes Heroles is located on Francisco Sosa, named after a historian and political scientist from Veracruz. [20], The Casa de Cultura Raúl Anguiano is located in the Pedregal area on a property with a 2 hectare lake. [35], This integration into the city proper has brought with it big city problems. The north side reflects the pre-Hispanic period; the south reflects the colonial period and the east is from the modern period. Rivera's works on display are murals on the walls and ceilings, studies of major murals done in other locations such as El Hombre en el Cruce de los Caminos, which reflects the original El Hombre, Controlador del Universo, which is in the Palacio de Bellas Artes. [21], The Casa Municipal, also referred to La Casa de Cortés, is a building located on the north side of the Plaza Hidalgo. [22], The structure is much the same as it was when it was constructed in the 18th century. Cultural and recreational activities include a marathon, fireworks, including those on large frames called “toritos” (little bulls) and “castillos” (castles), indigenous and folk dancing including Concheros, Santiagueros and Chinelos, and music played by wind bands especially from neighboring Tepepan and San Lucas Xochimanca. These barrios and pueblos can still be somewhat distinguished by their narrow, winding roads and alleyways. The idea is to combine nature and art and represents the cosmology of pre-Hispanic Mexico. Jahrhundert an der Stelle eines ehemals mächtigen Tempels der Azteken errichtet. The theater remains as one of the more important cultural venues in the borough. Next to this hall is an attached chapel. This structure is an adobe and stone mansion with a flat red façade with Moorish style decorative features. The first is that redevelopment will take over areas which still maintain some of their rural or village feel, which has happened in other formerly independent communities. [50] The festival called the Recibimiento del Señor de las Misericordia occurs in September in both Los Reyes and La Candelaria. The Viveros de Coyoacán is located on the west side of the borough just north of the Ciudad Universitaria. [6] Built between 1520 and 1552, it is one of three oldest parish churches in Mexico City, along with the ones in Tlalpan and the small community of Amaqueman. There is also a parade that features “mojigangas” which are large structures made of cardboard and paper in the shape of human figures. [19][20] There are also several restored colonial era houses around it. [7][30] Accounting for 3.6% of the Federal District, it is the tenth largest borough. The bookstores have attracted other cultural businesses such as theaters cafes and restaurants. [7], From the rest of the 19th century to the middle of the 20th, Coyoacán remained separate from Mexico City proper, keeping its rural reputation and gaining one for cantinas and pulque bars. [48], The Casa de Cristo (House of Christ) is located on Heroes Street in Churubusco. [19] One of the most important of these structures is the Casa de Ordaz, located on Calle Francisco Sosa on the corner with the Plaza de Centenario.) [8][18] Over time, as the complex deteriorated and was reconstructed and restored various time, most was replaced so that now the only original parts from the 16th century are the choir area, the Rosario Chapel and the main altar. The Forum does not define stage and audience space so that the facility can be adapted to a number of different arrangements. Símbolo de la alcaldía de Coyoacán.jpg 3,984 × 2,988; 6.23 MB. Against Aztec domination, these people welcomed Hernán Cortés and the Spanish, who used the area as a headquarters during the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire and made it the first capital of New Spain between 1521 and 1523. Iztapalapa | However, Cortés never lived at the site, despite a plaque on building that says that he did. The front has sandstone Ionic columns. It is located just west of the Plaza del Centenario along Calle Francisco Sosa. The folk art collection contains Rivera's collection of retablos. When the borough of Coyoacán was created in 1928, as part of the Federal District, the building remained the government seat but of the modern “delegación.” The structure was declared a Colonial Monument by INAH in 1932. [45] At first, Trotsky and his wife lived in the La Casa Azul with Frida, but after a falling out with Diego Rivera, the couple moved to this house on Viena Street in 1938. These two are separated from the historic center by Avenida Miguel A de Quevedo. [31], However, quality of life in this borough his ranked among the top in the nation and has been ranked internationally. Ten years later, the area became part of the Federal District of Mexico City when it was expanded by the 1857 Constitution. Today, this road extends from Plaza Hidalgo to the Panzacola Bridge in Santa Catarina. [11], In additions to structures from the colonial era, Coyoacán has important structure from the 19th century, replicas of colonial and 19th century buildings constructed in the 20th century and modern buildings. During the sixteenth century and into the seventeenth, there was an active Spanish land market in Coyoacán, with many bills of sale in Nahuatl found in the archives. Opposite the Casa de los Camilos is the Jardín Frida Kahlo which has a statue of the painter and a fountain. Iztacalco | Diesen zufolge muss der Ort bereits um 1330 existiert haben und schon damals überaus zahlreich bevölkert gewesen sein. [18] The monastery portion is two floors surrounding a large inner courtyard. It was created to house facilities related to various art forms and by artists from all over the world as well as Mexico. Property prices are high, leading to sales not to new families but rather to larger commercial interests, squeezing out smaller businesses along with residents. Studies were done on the building to determine what materials in what colors were used in order to use the same. It is a deep blue house on Londres Street, built in the early 20th century in which Frida Kahlo was born in 1907 and in which she spent the last thirteen years of her life. The building is towering and fortress-like made of volcanic stone, incorporating stylistic features from several pre-Hispanic cultures. [15] In March 2008, the two plazas were closed off by authorities for renovation work, forcing the removal of more than 500 street stalls for renovation of the two plazas and the streets around them costing 88.3 million pesos. The quantity of cars and the lack of traffic patrols have meant the proliferation of “franeleros” or people who illegally take possession of public areas such as streets to charge for parking. They have a capacity of 430 and 120 spectators respectively. [45] As a museum, some other buildings were added along the walls which contain photos from Trotsky's lifetime, biographical notes in Spanish and memorabilia such as Trotsky trademark small round glasses. It is built over volcanic rock, oriented north-south and is surrounded by desert vegetation. [38][40] In the 1930s, Attending mass on Sundays was a must although attendance was segregated by social class and age. [27] A film called “The Matador, with Pierce Brosnan and Greg Kinnear was filmed partly on the Plaza Santa Catarina.[41]. Some of these businesses have been around for almost a century. It also contains some of his own work as well. During the ceremony to return the image to its home church, the people of La Candelaria bring the image and the people of Los Reyes receive it with much fanfare. In 1932, this house was where the Escuela de Pintura al Aire Libre (Open Air Painting School) was established, which was an important artistic movement. [11] In the two main plazas and even in smaller ones such as the one in the neighboring Santa Catarina neighborhood. Enciclopedia de los Municipios y Delegaciones de México: Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 3. Originally, these gardens were watered with river flow from the Río Magdalena, but this river is no longer accessible because it is encased. [22], One of the most important historic buildings in the borough is the Parish of San Juan Bautista. [13] Another serious problem for the area is the traffic jams and serious lack of parking in the historic center. Die international bekanntesten Attraktionen von Coyoacán sind die Casa Azul, in dem Frida Kahlo geboren wurde und die meiste Zeit ihres Lebens verbrachte, sowie das heutige Museo Casa León Trotsky, das Kahlo dem nach Mexiko immigrierten russischen Revolutionär schenkte und in dem dieser von Jaime Ramón Mercader del Río Hernández mit einem Eispickel ermordet wurde. According to legend, sometime in the 18th century, residents of Santiago Zapotitlan, today in Tlahuac borough, were carrying the image to Mexico City for restoration. Información institucional, atención a los ciudadanos, servicios, cartografía y publicaciones. [71], The Juan Ruiz de Alarcón Theater and Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz Forum were both inaugurated in 1979 as space for cultural events under the same roof. Zwar mussten sie sich letztendlich der Übermacht geschlagen geben, werden dafür aber bis zum heutigen Tag verehrt. About 55% of the population is of working age with less than 2% unemployed. A number of these villages also have certain unique traditions associated with these celebrations. [4], Das ursprüngliche Kloster Santa María de los Ángeles im Stadtviertel Churubusco wurde im 16. The name means “house of Anáhuac” Anáhuac was the Nahuatl name for the Valley of Mexico. [20], The Casa del Indio Fernández House is located on Dulce Oliva Street in Barrio de Santa Catarina. Consisting now of 29 blocks, it is one of the oldest neighborhoods in Mexico City, located 10 km south of the Zocalo (main square) of Mexico City. [18], The rest of the historic center and nearby neighborhoods are filled with homes built from the colonia era to the middle of the 20th century, many of which have been catalogued for their historic value. Mimes, clowns, musicians, folk and indigenous dancers, storytellers and other street performers can be found entertaining crowds. This chapel belonged to the Carmelites and is located alongside an old stone bridge over the Río Magdalena. Border roads include Avenida Río Churubusco, Calzada Ermita Iztapalapa, Calzada de la Viga, Canal Nacional, Calzada del Hueso, Avenida del Bordo, Calzado Acoxpa, Calzada de Tlalpan, Avenida de Pedregal, Anillo Periférico, Boulevard de las Cataratas, Circuito Universitario, Avenida Ciudad Universitaria, San Jerónimo, Río Magdalena and Avenida Universidad. In the historic center, there are over 860 retail businesses, mostly restaurants, about 200 of which were established in the last five years. [32], Sixty-nine percent of the land is residential, 60% is open or green space and the rest is mixed use or commercial. Estadio Azteca, located in the Santa Ursula area, is the home of the Club América and Mexican national soccer teams. This has brought a number of problems to the area. [35] In the past, this park was also home to the first Escuela Nacional de Tauromaquia (National School of Bullfighting). [31], Most of the borough located at 2240 meters above sea level with little variation. The parish church has a large open chapel, but only a portion of the atrium it had in the 16th century. These mosaics are the largest of their type in the world. It is also known as “La Econdida” (The Hidden One), where Mexican actress Dolores del Río lived. Trotsky was forced into exile in 1929 by Josef Stalin and in 1937, due to efforts by Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo, he was granted asylum in Mexico. There were also about 25 pulque bars or pulquerías. Other forms of entertainment included picking fruit from trees or horse racing on Xicotencatl Street. The work on the south side is called “Estudiantes que extiende sus brazos a la cultura” (Students who extend their arms to culture). [75] Other museums in the borough include the Museo de Arte Escultórico Geles Cabrera on Xicotencatl Street in Colonia del Carmen, the Museo del Automóvil on Avenida Division del Norte in Pueblo de San Pablo Tepetlapa, the Museo del Retrato Hablado on Avenida Universidad in Colonia del Carmen, Museo Cultural de las Artes Graficas on Calzada de Tlapan in Barrio de San Diego Churubusco and the Museo Alejandro Galindo on Avenida Santa Úrsula in Colonia Santa Úrsula. It was constructed to simulate a volcanic cone with a wide crater. [16][17] The borough began to issue some permits for vendors, but there was opposition. [20] Remodeling work was authorized on the Casa de Ordaz in 2004 by the INAH, but complaint stated that the owner, Banamex, gutted the interior and exceeded the limits set for the work by INAH. Much of the work was to make straight many of the walls and floors, which had cracked and warped. Today, the church site has a modern structure on it, built by architect Enrique de la Mora. [39] Other issues are graffiti and vandalism, and other crimes, the most serious of which is theft/robbery, followed by assault. [11][35] This has deforested the area and depleted the soil leaving very little wildlife. Información generada por el Instituto y … Coyoacán | [20][27] This plaza is surrounded by very small streams still fed by a spring called Los Camilos. [57] Its people were Tecpanecas, who were farmers and stoneworkers specializing in the volcanic stone from the old lava flow of Xitle. Auch in der Frühgeschichte der spanischen Kolonialisierung unter Cortés spielte Coyoacán eine wichtige Rolle. It is also said that it was the transfer point and a customs checkpoint for goods heading from Coyoacán and San Angel to Mexico City. 04000, Diurna Número 145 José Guadalupe Nájera Jiménez, Técnica Número 1084 Belisario Domínguez Palencia, Centro de Estudios Tecnológicos Industrial y de Servicios 2, Centro de Estudios Científicos y Tecnológicos 13 (, This page was last edited on 7 October 2020, at 23:14. [9] This area was designated as a "Barrio Mágico" by the city in 2011. An image of the Nativity and the Three Wise Men is carried through the town on a truck from which bags of candies are tossed to children. It also includes cultural, sporting and recreational activities, which also gives the event the alternate name of “La Semana Cultural de La Candelaria” (Culture Week of La Candelaria). ", The borough is divided into 140 communities, “carpets” made by carefully arranging colored sawdust on the ground, Escuela Preparatoria Coyoacán "Ricardo Flores Magón", Escuela Nacional Preparatoria 6 "Antonio Caso", Instituto de Educación Media Superior del Distrito Federal, journalist and ideologue from the Mexican Revolution, "Coyoacán, barrio de mis amores, Distrito Federal", "Coyoacán Más que un paseo – Centro Historico", https://www.educal.com.mx/elenagarro/centro_cultural.html, "Recibimiento del Señor de las Misericordias", "Tradicionales Fiestas Patronales de Santa Úrsula Coapa", "Rompen Récord Guinness de la Taza de Chocolate Más Grande del Mundo", Official page of the Italian Institute of Culture, located in Coyoacán, Alfredo Guati Rojo National Watercolor Museum, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coyoacán&oldid=982407570, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles with dead external links from July 2019, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Jardín Hidalgo No. [29] By the mid 20th century, the urban sprawl of Mexico City began to envelop the borough, much as it was doing to other former villages and municipalities in the Federal District such as Tacuba, Tacubaya, Mixcoac and others. [47], However, in 1940, a Spanish Stalin supporter by the name of Ramón Mercader managed to gain entry to the house and to kill Trotsky with a mountaineer's ice axe. What Cortés eventually built here where administrative buildings for the offices used to manage the vast lands he was granted as the Marquis del Valle de Oaxaca, which included the Coyoacán area. During much of the colonial period, the atrium functioned as a cemetery. This makes for big business for establishments which offer valet parking and for franeleros. [11], The name comes from the Nahuatl original “Coyohuacán”. There is a memorial to this event outside the main entrance and a plaque commemorating the "Irish martyrs". Another main road in the borough is La Higuera, which links Plaza Hidalgo which the La Conchita Plaza. When this bar was demolished, it took with it a mural done by Diego Rivera. After the Aztec capital was destroyed, Cortés remained in Coyoacán and made it the first capital of New Spain from 1521 to 1523. [42], Most of the area's oldest buildings are located on this plaza, Calle Fernando Sosa, which leads to Villa Coyoacán and Calle Fernandez Leal. [20], The Juárez Institute is located on the corner of Cuauhtemoc and Abasolo Streets. This glyph was likely devised when the pre-Hispanic settlement was founded around the 10th and 12th century.[56]. Today it is a privately owned building with a restaurant and catering business. Sometime after that, it was replaced by modern busses. The Aztecs gave the area its current name; however their rule was hated by the native Tepanecas, who welcomed Hernán Cortés and the Spanish, allowing them to use this southern port on Lake Texcoco as a headquarters during the conquest of Tenochtitlan. [20], The borough of Coyoacán was created in 1928, when the Federal District of Mexico City was divided into 16 administrative parts. The second Gandhi store, called Gandhi 2000, was built to be a cultural center as well as a bookstore with literature related events, children's activities, concerts and more. The facade is simple and is fronted by a series of columns in sandstone and wood over which is a roof. Culturally, they are still distinguished by having their own histories and legends. The outside of the sculpture retains its natural vegetation. The El Niño Jesús and San Francisco barrios are filled with very winding alleyways over black volcanic rock, called pedregal, from an ancient eruption of Xitle. [49], The feast day of Francis of Asisi, patron of the Barrio Cuadrante de San Francisco is announced by a band playing wind instruments playing through the streets. The feast day for this neighborhood is 8 December. It was declared a National Monument in 1932. Inside this space is exposed naturally occurring volcanic stone. This tongue position often indicates hunger or thirst, but can also indicate tiredness. Zwischen 1676 und 1678 erfolgte ein kompletter Neubau von Kirche und Kloster. Coyoacán (US: / ˌ k ɔɪ oʊ ə ˈ k ɑː n / KOY-oh-ə-KAHN, Spanish: [koʝoaˈkan] ) is a municipality of Mexico City and the former village which is now the borough’s “historic center.” The name comes from Nahuatl and most likely means “place of coyotes ,” when the Aztecs named a pre-Hispanic village on the southern shore of Lake Texcoco which was dominated by the Tepanec people. This borough is much larger than the village, extending for 54.4km2 in the geographic center of the Federal District. The high relief decoration in the front was designed by Diego Rivera and created as a mosaic using naturally colored stones. Initially, opposition to the removal of the vendors came not only from the vendors themselves, but also from some neighborhood groups and local businesses who feared their removal would hurt tourism. [34] Parks and other green spaces cover 4,318,783.56m2 and can be found in most of the communities of the borough. Once part of a hacienda, behind the building there are large gardens filled with vegetation. This main chapel and plaza are called the Purísima Concepción Chapel and the Plaza de la Conchita. [33] In 2004, Coyoacán was ranked the fifth most livable neighborhood in North America, ahead of Rittenhouse, Philadelphia and behind Camden, Maine. The origin of this tradition is unknown. It is said that Cortés built it for La Malinche, and historians believe Cortés had his Spanish wife, Catalina Juárez de Marcaida, murdered there. Another main road in the borough is La Higuera, which links Plaza Hidalgo which the La Conchita Plaza in the La Concepción neighborhood. [31] The borough is bordered to the north by the boroughs of Benito Juárez, Iztapalapa, Xochimilco, Tlalpan and Álvaro Obregón. [11] In the 17th century, the Spanish built the monastery of Churubusco over a ceremonial site dedicated to the god Huitzilopochtli. Since its inauguration, on October 5, 2012, this space was conceived as a project of community life around books and a permanent offer of cultural activities that make available to visitors various expressions of the culture of Mexico and the world. [58][59] The earliest extant native pictorial of Coyoacán, the so-called Códice de Coyoacán, dating from a 1553 visita (inspection) gives a baseline for tribute and labor. 1 Col. Villa Coyoacán, C.P. The work was sponsored by government and private funds. [11] After the Zocalo, the most-visited place in Mexico City is this historic center, especially the twin plazas in its center. Today, the stadium is the home of the Pumas professional soccer team. The Kahlo pieces are some of her minor works and include El Marxismo Dará la Salud, which shows her casting away her crutches. 77.8% are employed in commerce and services, with 7% in industry; 44.8% of industrial jobs is related to pharmaceuticals with food processing accounting for 18.7%. [51], On 6 January in the Pueblo de los Reyes, the main square of the community is decorated with flower portals and “carpets” made by carefully arranging colored sawdust on the ground. Both of these are almost fully encased in cement tubes as they pass through. The rivalry is known as the Clasico Capitalino is centered around the Coyoacán borough, as the home stadiums for both America and the Pumas are within a few miles of each other. [20] Many of the old villages were linked by a trolley on Santa Catarina Road, now Francisco Sosa. It has three floors and twelve rooms, with walls of brick and limestone and wood roof decorated with tiles. In the 1940s, it was enlarged, but its colonial style was respected. [16] When the plazas reopened in 2009, there were confrontations between the vendors and authorities, both on the plazas with police and in the courts, despite the fact that the borough built a nearby bazaar on Felipe Carrillo Puerto. Its currently named after a journalist and ideologue from the Mexican Revolution. [26], Other landmarks off the plazas include the Museo Nacional de Culturas Populares, and the Acuavida Coyoacán. [1] A hall was added in the early 1900s. [62] The area's popularity, both as a place to live and as a place to visit on weekends, along with its narrow winding streets has caused it to have some of the worst traffic problems in the city, with traffic jams and parking problems. In the evening, food vendors tend to sell more hot items such as quesadillas, sopes, tortas, tostadas, pozoles and more. The cupola was particularly damaged, with trees and other plants growing out of it. [5] In 2008, neighborhood groups worked against the construction of new apartment complexes in the borough in order to halt further urbanization. [7][8][24] In 1923, the Escuela de Pintura al Aire Libre (Open Air School of Painting) was established at the former San Pedro Martír Hacienda, establishing the area as an artists’ enclave. [11] These two roads, along with other colonial-era roads still have structures which are centuries old. It offers exhibits of fishes, reptiles, live coral, aquatic plants and more, including the only freshwater manta ray in captivity in the Americas.